Biology project answer of class 9( 2021-22)

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holy child school

Biology Project

    

    

    

 

Class:- 9

Name:

Class  :

Roll    :

Section:

acknowledgement

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher (Name of the teacher) as well as our principal (Name of the principal)who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic (Cross pollination of a flower and characteristics of Phylum’s), which also helped me in doing a lot of Research and I came to know about so many new things I am really thankful to them.
Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Content

Serial no

Tropics

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Part- 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 Parts of flower

 

 

 

 

 

The Floral Parts

The floral parts are borne on the thalamus are the four whorls.

1.   First whore: -

The first whore contains green sepals. They are collectively called calyx.

Functions: -

·       The sepals protect the young flower bud.

·       The green Sepals perform photosynthesis.

·       Provides support to the flower.

·       Prevents the flower from drying out.

2.   Second whore: -

Contains large brightly coloured petals. They are collectively called corolla.

 Functions: -

·       They are brightly coloured and scented.

·       They attract insects for cross pollination.

·       They also protect stamens and pistils especially when the petals from a tube.

·       It protects the reproductive parts of a flower.

3.   Third whore: -

It contains long thread like structures. Somewhat projecting out and each usually ending in a bilobed tip. These are stamens and are collectively known as androecium. Each stamen consists of a thread like filament and bilobed anther.

Functions: -

·       It is the male reproductive organ of a flower.

·       Production and storage of pollen grains.

4.   Fourth whore: -

It contains the centrally located pistil that may be formed of a single female unit called carpel, or of several fused carpels (collectively called gynoecium). Each carpel consists of s basal ovary, a middle style and an uppermost stigma.

Functions: -

·       Gynoecium consists of the female parts of a flower.

·       They help in the process of fertilization.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Part- 2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Characteristics of Phylum Porifera

Some of the important characteristics of phylum Porifera are mentioned below.

1.  The cells of Poriferans are loosely organized.

2.  They are mostly found in marine water. Only a few are found in freshwater.

3.  They are either radially symmetrical or asymmetrical.

4.  Their body is usually cylindrical.

5.  The scleroblast secretes spicules while spongin fibres are secreted by spongioblasts.

6.  They have no organs in their body.

7.  They depict cellular grade of organization.

8.  The body comprises numerous pores known as Ostia and osculum.

9.  The central cavity is called spongocoel or atrium which opens to the outside through the osculum.

10.                    They reproduce asexually by budding, and fragmentation.

11.                    The nutrition is holozoic.

12.                    They have neurosensory cells but are devoid of any specific nervous system.

13.                    They have the power to regenerate the lost parts.

14.                    The development is indirect and the cleavage is holoblastic.

15.                    The exchange of respiratory gases and nitrogenous wastes occurs by the process of diffusion.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bibliography

I have taken help of the following sites and books to make my project.

1. Byju’s

2. B plus topper

3. Topper learning

4. Biology Textbook

 

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