Biology some short question for practice

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1.   Name two processes essential for sexual reproduction to take place.

Answer: - Sexual reproduction is the process which results in the creation of a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms. The two main processes involved in sexual reproduction are meiosis and fertilization.

(a) Meiosis: It is a process in which the number of chromosomes is halved (2n to n) and haploid gametes are formed.

(b) Fertilization: It is a process in which the male gamete fuses with the female gamete to form diploid zygote. It restores the number of chromosomes (2n).

2.   What do you understand by the term dichogamy?

Answer: - The production of male and female reproductive elements at different times by a hermaphroditic organism in order to ensure cross-fertilization.

3.   Give the meaning of hydrophily.

Answer: - Pollination of flowering plants by water is known as hydrophily. Example of hydrophily plants is: Vallisneria and zoostera.

4.   State the features of the fruits (seed) dispersed by animals?

Answer: - Seeds dispersed by water are found in light and buoyant fruits, while those dispersed by wind may have specialized wing-like appendages.

 

5.   Name the outer hard layer of pollen grain and the material it is made of?

Answer: - Sporopollenin is the outer hard layer of pollen grain and the material it is made of.

 

6.   Name the two essential parts of flower.

Answer: - The main flower parts are the male part called the stamen and the female part called the pistil.

7.   Name the gynoecium of a flower in which carpels are free.

Answer: - The gynoecium is the female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of one or more carpels. If a gynoecium has a single carpel, it is called monocarpous. If a gynoecium has multiple, distinct (free, unfused) carpels, it is apocarpous.

8.   What is a group of a flower on a twig called?

Answer: - Inflorescence is the word for arrangement of flowers on twig.

9.   Which part of the plant called peduncle?

Answer: - The peduncle is the stalk of a flower or an inflorescence.

10.                     Name the complete flower.

Answer: - Common examples of complete flowers include hibiscus, roses, pea plants and tulips.

 

 

11.                     Which type of flower is called pistillate?

Answer: - The flowers which contain only stamens are called as staminate flower and the flower with only pistils are called as the pistillate flower. Members of the family Cucurbitaceae like melons and squashes have pistillate (female) and staminate (male) flowers on the same plant separately.

12.                     What is placentation?

Answer: - The term 'placentation' refers to the arrangement of ovules within the ovary of a flower.

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